Daily picks · 10月26日

追踪174名遗属，检验早期专业干预能否缓解猝死后的长期哀伤。

Each year, approximately 500 U.S. children aged 1–18 years die suddenly and without explanation. Sudden Unexplained Death in Childhood (SUDC) is a devastating loss with profound psychological consequences for caregivers. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 174 caregivers whose child's death was classified as SUDC at least one year earlier. Using a trauma-informed framework, we assessed anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), prolonged grief (BGQ), posttraumatic stress disorder (PCL-6), functional impairment (WSAS), and experiences with emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency department (ED) personnel. Moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression were reported by 26.4% and 22.4% of caregivers, respectively, and 35.4% had probable PTSD. Distress was greatest among caregivers whose loss occurred 1–2 years earlier and those aged ≤40 years. Nearly half reported neutral or negative interactions with EMS and ED personnel, highlighting the need for trauma-informed training for professionals supporting families following a child’s sudden and unexplained death.

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ｜ Existential Therapy ｜ 护理人员, 原因不明的猝死, 无法解释的死亡, 儿童时期死亡, 焦虑与抑郁

两项全国样本显示控制感下降伴随努力撤退，进而增加偏见表现。

In contemporary societies, social norms constrain overt prejudice, requiring effortful cognitive processes to monitor and regulate behavior. We propose that diminished personal control is associated with withdrawal of cognitive effort, lower norm-sensitive detection, and greater prejudice expression. Two large-scale nationwide studies (Study 1, N = 1,019; Study 2, N = 1,055) tested this hypothesis. Across both studies, perceived lack of control predicted more frequent overt prejudice, mediated by lower norm-sensitive detection and, in Study 2, also by effort withdrawal. These results suggest that cognitive-regulatory processes may constitute an additional pathway linking perceived lack of control with prejudice expression. More broadly, they highlight the potential role of cognitive resource depletion and norm-sensitive regulation in understanding when prejudiced statements are expressed.

The Journal of Language and Social Psychology ｜ 控制, 偏见, 认知过程, 努力的放弃, 对规范的敏感性判断

印度寡妇样本揭示经济不稳与孤独的高比例，为政策支持提供数据。

Widowhood is one of the major life transitions with implications for the psychological, social, and economic well-being of women, especially in India. The research explores the situation of widows in Odisha, focusing on their psychological well-being, as measured by the WHO Well-Being Index, and the coping mechanisms they employ. With a sample of 100 widows, the study finds that 82% face financial instability, while 67% experience anxiety and loneliness. The WHO-5 assessment shows that 31% of respondents suffer from poor mental health, significantly elevating their risk for depression. Active participation in economic and social security schemes, including the Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (INGWPS), help improve mental health (P < 0.001). These findings underscore that financial independence and institutional support are crucial for improving quality of life during widowhood. Finally, the present study stresses the necessity of economic empowerment and access to psychiatric treatment, especially for widows in Odisha.

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ｜ 幸福感, 应对机制, 心理健康, 寡居状态, 经济状况

首次用贝叶斯元分析量化凶杀丧亲者的PTSD水平，为创伤评估提供参照。

Homicidal bereavement combines the loss of a close person with exposure to intentional interpersonal violence, yet its posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) burden has not been quantitatively synthesized. This systematic review identified 35 reports, of which nine independent, non-treatment-selected samples (N = 1,389) contributed to a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis. Categorical and continuous PTSD outcomes were harmonized using a latent-threshold framework. The pooled latent-z estimate was −0.50 (95% credible interval [−1.08, 0.09]), corresponding to a threshold-equivalent PTSD prevalence of 30.9% (95% CrI [14.1%, 53.6%]), with substantial between-study heterogeneity (τ = 0.82, 95% CrI [0.52, 1.42]). Sensitivity and leave-one-out analyses generally supported the primary findings, although uncertainty remained substantial in the risk-of-bias sensitivity analysis. These results suggest clinically consequential PTSD burden among homicidally bereaved individuals and support considering trauma-related psychopathology, alongside grief, when evaluating the psychological consequences of homicide.

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ｜ 创伤后应激障碍, 创伤后压力综合征, 压力相关疾病, 因杀人事件而丧亲者, 系统综述

在高压污名的土耳其样本中检验出柜量表，提示跨文化使用需重新验证。

Coming out is a multifaceted process for lesbian, gay, and bisexual+ (LGB+) individuals, involving both self-acceptance and disclosure across social contexts. The Outness Inventory (OI) is widely used to assess disclosure, yet its psychometric properties have not been evaluated in Türkiye, where LGB+ people face stigma and minority stress. This study aimed to adapt the OI into Turkish and provide initial evidence of validity and reliability. Study 1 supported the first-order three-factor model (outness to the world, family, and religion) and confirmed a second-order general outness factor with acceptable fit and reliability. A one-way MANOVA showed no differences among gay, lesbian, and bisexual participants. Study 2 replicated the structure and tested concurrent validity through mediation analysis. Higher acceptance concerns were associated with greater internalized heterosexism, which, in turn, was associated with lower outness. Findings support the validity, reliability, and cultural relevance of the Turkish OI.

The Counseling Psychologist ｜ Outness, Lesbian Gay, Gay Bisexual, Validity, Reliability

分析倡导者公开叙事，补充协助死亡争论中常被忽略的意义建构视角。

Existing research on assisted dying has examined legal frameworks, public attitudes, and clinical implementation. Less attention has been paid to how advocates construct its meaning. Using template analysis, 345 publicly available narratives from Australian advocacy websites were analyzed to examine how advocates conceptualize the purpose and value of assisted dying in end-of-life decision-making. Five interrelated themes were identified: (1) reclaiming autonomy, choice, and control; (2) alleviating pain and suffering; (3) preserving dignity; (4) minimizing secondary impacts on others; and (5) addressing objections to voluntary assisted dying. Across narratives, suffering was framed not only as physical pain but as an existential threat to selfhood, identity, dignity, and agency. This study contributes an interpretive account of how Australian VAD advocacy narratives construct its meaning and purpose in relation to suffering, autonomy, dignity, and personhood.

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ｜ Humanistic (Person-Centered) ｜ 辅助死亡, 叙事, 重新获得自主权, 自愿性辅助, 构建自我价值

把自杀认知定位为挫败感通向陷入困境的间接环节，指向干预切入点。

This study examines the indirect pathway of suicide cognitions in the relationship between defeat and entrapment. Defeat is a complex emotional state involving failure, cognitive evaluations, and coping responses. It can undermine self-efficacy and control, limiting problem-solving and fostering entrapment. Entrapment, defined as immobility due to unresolved internal tensions, intensifies when suicide cognitions emerge, particularly during powerlessness. Using a half-longitudinal design (two waves, partial follow-up) and cross-lagged panel autoregressive analysis, the study assessed 420 adults (Mage = 22.08, SD = 5.99; 320 females, 100 males). Findings indicate that suicide cognitions function as an indirect pathway: defeat increases suicide cognitions, which in turn heighten entrapment. Early identification and intervention targeting suicide cognitions may reduce the impact of defeat on entrapment.

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ｜ 自杀念头, 困境, 间接途径, 失败, 间接的心理状态

在强制报告辖区评估预防项目可行性，填补此类服务的研究空白。

Online or other child sexual exploitation or abuse (OCSEA) perpetration prevention programs are designed to provide services to individuals prior to offending . There is limited research on OCSEA perpetration prevention programs in jurisdictions with mandatory reporting. The present study is a mixed-method feasibility evaluation of the OCSEA perpetration prevention therapy program, Talking for Change (TFC). The feasibility study broadly addressed whether adult clients could be recruited to the program, the clinical profile of clients, and their satisfaction with the program. In total, there were 162 distinct individuals referred with the number of referrals increasing on an annual basis. Clients in the evaluation ( n = 40) presented with risk relevant factors related to paraphilic interests and sexual self regulation problems with interpersonal challenges as well as several protective factors (e.g., empathy). The population had a high level of comorbid mental health problems, and many had engaged in prior CSEM use. Program satisfaction interviews resulted in five themes that highlighted the value of the group (e.g., promoting acceptance and accountability) and challenges (e.g., problems with a one size fits all approach). The results indicated that OCSEA perpetration prevention programs are feasible in mandatory reporting jurisdictions. Implications for program delivery are discussed.

Sexual Abuse ｜ Humanistic (Person-Centered) ｜ 犯罪预防, ocse犯罪情况分析, 项目, 儿童性犯罪, 可行性研究

结合被定罪女性与从业者视角，为性别敏感治疗目标提供实证依据。

Gender-responsive programming has emerged as a pivotal force behind improved therapeutic outcomes for women in the criminal justice system. Enhancing relevance of treatment provided to women sentenced for child sexual abuse (CSA) is necessary given the proposed gender-based pathways and motivations linked with this crime. This research incorporates the views of women sentenced for CSA ( n = 18) and practitioners ( n = 25) and aims to determine the key treatment targets for women sentenced for CSA, and how these might be similar or different to the needs of men sentenced for this offending. Results indicate that despite some overlap of treatment targets, there are gendered nuances in how some core topics should be addressed when delivering offense-specific correctional programming to women. Five key targets emerged that indicate notable differences warranting tailored intervention, including: the effects of past trauma, relationship toxicity, (un)healthy sexuality, lowered self-concepts, and parenting challenges. These nuances align with strengths-based and trauma-informed approaches advocated for this population, helping to guide future program development and implementation. Recommendations for practice are included.

Sexual Abuse ｜ 女性, 治疗, 判决, 儿童性侵犯, 性虐待

提出咨询师主导的AI伦理与培训框架，回应实践中缺乏指引的现状。

As generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT become increasingly accessible, counseling psychologists are exploring their potential use in clinical practice, often without clear guidance or ethical frameworks. This paper presents a counselor-led model for integrating generative AI tools into counseling practice. Grounded in ethical principles, the model emphasizes human oversight, transparency, and client-centered care. A case study illustrates the application of this model with a veteran receiving counseling services through the Veterans Health Administration. The case demonstrates how generative AI can support foundational career counseling tasks (i.e., career exploration and career planning), while maintaining full counselor oversight. Key ethical considerations are discussed, including transparency and informed consent, data privacy and security, accuracy and bias, and human oversight and professional judgment. This work contributes to the emerging literature on AI-assisted counseling by offering an ethically grounded and practice-oriented model for counseling professionals interested in engaging with these technologies responsibly.

The Counseling Psychologist ｜ Humanistic (Person-Centered) ｜ 咨询, 伦理问题, 人工智能, 模型, 人类监管